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PUBLIC AWARENESS

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  • GILBERT's SYNDROME during pregnancy
 

Gilbert's syndrome (named after a French gastroenterologist) is a condition caused by certain changes in the liver. It could be discovered accidentally or jaundice may be a symptom. This condition is inherited and is one of the commonest syndromes. People with Gilbert's syndrome have mild, chronic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in the absence of liver disease or overt hemolysis. Hepatic glucuronidating activity, essential for efficient biliary excretion of bilirubin, is reduced to about 30 percent of normal. Virtually all patients have decreased level of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase, but there also is evidence for a defect in hepatic uptake of bilirubin as well.

The hyperbilirubinemia is mild and by definition < 6 mg/dl. However, most patients exhibit levels of 3 mg/dl. Considerable daily and seasonal variations are observed and bilirubin level occasionally may be normal in as many as one-third of patients. The characteristics of Gilbert syndrome are normal liver function tests, normal liver histology, delayed clearance of bilirubin from the blood, and mild jaundice that tends to fluctuate in severity, particularly after fasting.

Patients with Gilbert syndrome tend to have total serum bilirubin levels from 1-6 mg/dL. They show predominantly elevated unconjugated bilirubin, while conjugated is usually within normal ranges and form less than 20% of the total. This is distinguished from Crigler-Najjar syndrome type II, in which patients have total serum bilirubin levels between 6 and 20 mg/dL, and Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I, in which patients have total serum bilirubin levels from 20 to 45 mg/dL.

 
     
  • Common Symptoms during pregnancy
 

Missed period (amenorrhea) is usually the first sign among the early symptoms of pregnancy. But if you miss your periods normally then it can't be a significant symptom. It is quite possible that, if you are underweight, or you are having anxiety or you are stressed then also you might miss your period. Besides this it is also possible that you may have slight bleeding around the time of your period and still you are pregnant.

Enlargement of breasts can also signify that you are pregnant. The veins over the breasts become quite prominent and there is tenderness around the breasts.

If there is a feeling of tiredness and dizziness around whole day then there are chances you are pregnant. This symptom is one of the major early symptoms of pregnancy .That feeling of dizziness is very different and you normally feel like sleeping whole day. If you are working then it is quite possible your friends will catch you taking small naps while working.

Nausea and vomiting, quite significant early symptom of pregnancy may occur during any time of the day during pregnancy. It can be due to any bad smell or bad taste or just like that. So be prepared to carry your vomit bag always with you when you are pregnant.

Taste change during pregnancy is very significant. Some food can taste good to you, which you loathed the most in past. You can find yourself craving for some specific food at very odd hours of the day.

Hormonal changes within yourself can make you emotional during your pregnancy days. You can get sentimental without any reason. There can be occasional mood swings.

Frequent urination is one of the early symptoms of pregnancy. You can pass little amount of urine at odd hours of the day.